Bhaskaracharya’s Lilavati deals with Arithmetic and Algebra. This translation of Dr. A. B. Padmanabha Rao of Lilavati along with the relevant commentaries like Buddhi-vilasini is a valuable contribution in the field of Indic Knowledge System. The original Sanskrit and the word-by-word translation gives an appreciation of the beautiful poetic form and rhythm and a fascinating glimpse into the flexibility of the Sanskrit language to simultaneously convey the formalism of mathematics and humor, romance, sarcasm etc. The unique feature of this book is that it provides explanation of the original traditional method and the comparison with the modern methods thus enhancing the educative value of the book. The English translation allows access to mathematical insights for those with limited knowledge of Sanskrit. The author and translator Dr. A. B. Padmanabha Rao has dedicated his career to Science and Mathematics. He continues to disseminate the knowledge of ancient Indian Mathematics, even at the ripe age of 87. He is in the process of translating Bhaskaracharya’s Bijaganitam into English.